Biology Module Study Guide Essay Example for Free

Biology Module Study Guide Essay Biology Study Guide Uses of Sponges-possess no symmetry and take on a variety of shapes. Theyve got 2 layers of cells that are separated by a thin, Jellylike substance. Outer layer-epidermis, and Jellylike substance-mesenchyme. Morphology of Molluscs-they have a soft body they are more fragile. They also have more difficulty to support their bodies in terrestrial environments or to fixate to substrates in aquatic habitats. Many species solve these problems by secreting a calcareous carapace, or shell, an exoskeleton to upport and protect them and to prevent dehydration. Platy Hemises- commonly called flatworm. have no body cavity other than the gut, same pharyngeal opening both takes in food and expels waste. Lack of a cavity also constrains flatworms to be flat. Earthworm-segmented worm. they inhabit every bit of moist soil in the world. they possess bilateral symmetry and are made up of segments that look like little rings stacked next to each other. Earthworm Reproduction-simultaneous hermaphrodites, meaning worms have both male and female reproductive organs. Planaria Reproduction-hermaphroditic-possess both male and female sex glands. planarian cannot fertilize its own eggs; eggs must be fertilized by sperm of another planarian. In another method of reproduction, a planarian constricts behind the pharynx and separates itself into two pieces ; then, both pieces grow back their missing parts and become two new planarians. Vocab: 1) Budding-form of sexual reproduction. Its when a yeast buds, the nucleus of the cell reproduces inside a single cell. A section of the cell wall and plasma membrane then well to form a pouch into which the nucleus and some cytoplasm flow. 5) Gizzard- the hind part of the stomach, especially modified for grinding food. (mostly on birds) 6) Nephridia-small organs. they function like your kidneys, are in every segment of the earthworms body except the 1st 3 and the very last one. 8) Pharynx-it ingests soil through it mouth by using it as a vacuum to suck. Diagrams: The Life Cycle of a Jellyfish Basic Anatomy of a Common Earthworm Structure of a Sponge Biology Module 2: Study Guide By morgannf95

Lord Of The Flies And The Withered Arm Comparison :: essays research papers

I have chosen â€Å"The Lord of the Flies† and â€Å"The Withered Arm† because they are similar even though they were written in different time periods. Lord of the Flies was written in the 20th century and the Withered arm was written in the 19th century. Lord of the flies by William Golding The title signifies Death, devil (Beelzebub).The Withered arm by Thomas Hardy The title signifies decay or decline. Settings:The withered arm is set in the 19th century on a farm. This is in Anglebury .The story starts of on Mr Lodges farm and finishes on the farm. Gertrude lodge lives in a mud built cottage.The lord of the flies is set on a fictitious remote island in the 20th century. The story starts of in the jungle. They later move onto the beaches. They then move to other locations on the island such as the fort and the mountain.Differences and similarities between settingsBoth of the settings are isolated. Lord of the Flies, is on an island so they cant get off but in the Withered Arm there is not much transport so wherever you went you would have to walk or get a horse.The settings are different because they are set in different periods. Themes:Lord of the flies:Good and evil, good and evil is a fairly large theme in the story. Early in the novel good is represented by the conch this is a symbol of decency and order. The two tribes Represent good and evil in the best way. However, there are other things such as the beast and the ship. The beast frightens them because they think it is an evil sign. The ship is a good sign but they do not manage to flag it down, because Jack had not looked after the fire. This springs an almost air of hatred between Ralph and Jack.Law and order, plays a big role in the story. It comes into play at the very beginning with the conch. Ralph and Piggy find the shell and Ralph blows it, this draws all the children onto the beech. The conch later becomes an element of law and order, because the boys are only aloud to talk during meetings if they have the conch. Fear, fear is probably the biggest theme in the story there is a big list of elements of fear such as the fear of the beast, the isolation of the island, the war outside of the island, the fear of not being rescued, the fear of Jacks group (savages) and the fear of fear itself.

Cat Dissection Structures Essay

Healthy kidneys make hormones such as renin and angiotensin. These hormones regulate how much sodium (salt) and fluid the body keeps, and how well the blood vessels can expand and contract. This, in turn, helps control blood pressure. They do this by regulating: †¢ The amount of water in the body. If there is too much water in the body (fluid overload) blood pressure will go up. If there is too little water in the body (dehydration) the blood pressure will drop. †¢ The width of the arteries. The arteries constantly change in width as blood flows through them. The narrower the arteries, the higher the blood pressure. Renin helps control narrowing of the arteries. Failing kidneys often make too much renin. This raises blood pressure. If your blood pressure is high, your heart is working harder than normal to pump blood through your body. High blood pressure (also called hypertension) caused by a breakdown in these functions is common in people with kidney failure. It is also a complication, a secondary condition caused by kidney failure. †¢ RBC production? o The urinary system controls red blood cell production by secreting the hormone erythropoietin. . What structures enter or exit at the hilum of the kidney? †¢ Ureters, renal blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves enter and exit at the hilum Know the anatomy of the kidney so that you could recognize the following parts from a description or on a diagram: capsule, hilum, renal artery, renal vein, ureter, cortex, medulla, papillae, renal columns, minor and major calyces, renal pelvis. The Kidney is bean-shaped and located in the lumbar region of the body. The kidney is described as being Retroperitoneal-that is, it is located between the dorsal body wall nd the parietal peritoneum. 1. An average human kidney weighs about 5 ounces. 2. Sitting on top of each kidney is a single adrenal gland that essentially has no influence on the kidney. B. The Renal Hilum-vertical cleft on the medial surface of the kidney, that leads into an internal space within the kidney known as the Renal Sinus. 1. The ureter, the renal blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves all join each other at the hilum and occupy the renal sinus. C. There are Three Layers of Support Tissue Surrounding each kidney. The layers are: 1. The Fibrous Capsule-a capsule-like layer that prevents infections in surrounding regions from spreading to the kidney. 2. The Perirenal Fat Capsule-a thick layer of adipose tissue that attaches the kidney to the posterior body wall and cushions it against blows. 3. The Renal Fascia-an outer layer of fibrous connective tissue that anchors the kidney and adrenal glands to surrounding tissues.   Three Distinct Internal Segments in the Human Kidney: 1. The Renal Cortex-light colored, superficial region of the kidney. This area has a granular appearance. . The Renal Medulla-a dark red or brown colored region in the kidney. The medulla contains cone-shaped areas known as the Medullary or Renal Pyramids. a. The base of each pyramid faces towards the cortex and the apex (Papilla) points internally. b. The pyramids contain bundles of microscopic urine-collecting tubules and capillaries. Structures known as the Renal Columns separate the pyramids from each other. c. Each pyramid and its surr ounding tissue makes up one of eight lobes of a kidney. 3. The Renal Pelvis-a funnel-shaped tube that is continuous with the ureter leaving he hilum. a. Branching extensions of the Pelvis form two or three Major Calyces, each of which subdivides to form several Minor Calyces. b. The Minor Calyces are cup-shaped areas that enclose the papillae of the pyramids. 1) The calyces collect urine, which drains from the papillae, and empty into the renal pelvis. The urine then flows through the renal pelvis and into the ureter which moves it to the bladder where it is stored. 2) Smooth muscle lines the walls of the calyces, the pelvis and the ureter. Urine is pushed through these areas via peristalsis. In what part of the kidney are most of the nephrons located? Renal Cortex 4. Blood supply of the kidney: †¢ Branch of aorta that enters kidney is the renal artery, which divides several times as it moves toward the cortex. †¢ At the base of the renal pyramids, the arcuate arteries branch into interlobular arteries that branch into afferent arterioles that deliver blood to the glomerulus. †¢ The efferent arterioles exit the glomerulus and give rise to the peritubular and vasa recta capillaries surrounding the renal tubule. Secretion and reabsorption occurs between the tubule and bloodstream in these capillaries.

Essay about Effects of Different levels of T.V Violence...

Abstract EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF T.V VIOLENCE ON AGGRESSION: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different levels of television violence on grade school children. Since some studies show that younger children are more prone to aggression than older children. This study is designed to show how violence plays a role in aggression. The intention is to show that violence causes different aggression levels between males and females. The second purpose of this study is to show if there are any significant differences between males and females and aggression induced by violence. The information on gender difference and aggression is controversial. All the children were mixed in this experiment combined the male and†¦show more content†¦The United Sates is the clear leader among modern, stable democratic nations in its rates of homicides, assault, rape, and robbery, and it is among the highest in incidents of group violence and assassinations. This high level of violence is dangerous to our society. It is disfiguring ou t society—making fortresses of portions of our cities and dividing our people into armed camps. It is jeopardizing to some of our most precious institutions; among them our schools and universities—poisoning the spirit of trust and cooperation that is essential to their proper functioning. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the past years until now, violence among children has increased dramatically. Cases have been reported where grade school students take guns and other weapons to school and use them against their teachers and classmates. Things of that sort are very much a reality for schools around the country. Is the reason for these acts of violence that children are becoming more aggressive at younger ages? Does, the media have to do something with the increase in violence of young children, the fact that the media has more violence in it than any other point in history? It could be a combination of things, including work, single parents, peer pressures, etc. The true concern is that the media entertains children with violent shows, which are aimed at them. Some networks agreed to place advisories warning before and the prime-time television programs which they determinedShow MoreRelatedEng 1011630 Words   |  7 PagesViolence in Music Videos and Music Lyrics has a n egative impact on children. Music videos that expose profanity and sexuality are inappropriate and leave a negative impression on young children. Violence in music videos can cause health problem. Music videos that promote negative lyrics are affecting young children. Music lyrics with vulgar languages affect the development and well-being of young children. 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This literature review examines the problem: T.V. and video game industries have allowed a rapid increase of sex and violence exposure to teens. The paper discusses the issues caused by having so much violence and sex on technology that teens use every day and how it is changing the next generation of young people. The examination of sex and violence in T.V. and videoRead MoreWhatever Hapenned to Morality and Values on Television1206 Words   |  5 Pagesview a more decent program. Unfortunately, not even Cartoon Network could save me from the hideous and gruesome truth of the society need for violence. The creatures on the cartoon steadily continued shooting futuristic weaponry and promoting acts of vandalism. Whatever happened to morality and values i n television? Taking a look back in time I realize violence in the media appears much more evident than it did fifty years ago. 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Children everywhere are being born into a world of images and messages, which are largely separated from their home, school and spiritual lives (Dyson 2). In society today storytellers are seldom parents, grandparents, teachers or the clergy; instead they are the handful of distant forces with something to sell (Dyson 2). What is unique about the mediaRead MoreNegative Effect on Media Sex and Violence3139 Words   |  13 PagesIt is literally known on media entertainment that sex and violence were there. Whereas people who enjoyed it will release their tensions and aggression . Highly sexual TV shows and intensely violent Web sites and video games may be affecting teenagers behavior, according to three studies published in  Pediatrics. Sex on TV and teen pregnancy.  A total of 2,003 teens (ages 12 to 17 years) were asked how often they watched 23 popular TV shows that portrayed passionate kissing, sexual talk, and sexualRead MoreSteroids have more than one meaning. Generally your body produces some steroids to fight stress and800 Words   |  4 Pagesaffects young youth. These days young youth is using steroids to either improve their physical appearance and/or to improve the sport they are enrolled in. I personally think that youth gets the idea of uses steroids from the athletes that they watch on t.v, and decides to use them for that reason. Steroids increase lean body mass and improve muscular strength. Studies have been shown that most people will gain an average 2.2 of lean body weight while taking steroids, but increase strength changes. ApparentlyRead MoreHow Rapunzel Relates to Child Development Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pageslearned how to socialize and maintain social interaction. In a real life situ ation, Genie on the other hand didn’t know how to socialize at all because she had been cut off from society for basically her whole life. She grew some but not to the normal level of the children her age that experienced regular normal development and social interaction. In Tangled, Rapunzel’s behavior to the world starts off very oblivious and awkward. When she starts to get the hang of people around her and how to actually